Overwintering bougainvillea is easier than you think! Learn to protect this tropical beauty from the cold and enjoy it year after year.
This past spring, I fell head over heels for a gorgeous bougainvillea at my local nursery. Its showy bracts (the colorful parts we often mistake for flowers) brought such a tropical feel to my zen garden that I knew I had to have it. I’d never grown it before so when I saw it – I went for it!
This was my first experience growing it and let me tell you, this bouganvillea thrived all season long. And as we approach the end of October…it’s still blooming! But there is one problem: I live in New Jersey (Zone 6b) and the bougainvillea is definitely not frost-hardy.
I love this plant and would love to grow it again next year but it was pricey to buy it again…close to $100! So, I’m on a mission to overwinter it and enjoy its vibrant colors again next year. And guess what? You can too! Here’s how.
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Why Overwintering Bougainvillea is Necessary
Bougainvillea thrives in the warm, sunny climates of USDA Hardiness Zones 9b-11. Think tropical climates, not New Jersey winters! They need consistent temperatures above 60°F (15°C), abundant sunlight, and well-drained soil.
My Zone 6b garden, with its freezing temperatures and shorter days, just won’t cut it for this tropical plant. So, I spent some time asking other gardeners, researching University Extensions, and learned so much about it!
I’ve got a lot of experience overwintering other types of tender plants, so I’m for the challenge of overwintering bougainvillea this. Here are the different methods for keeping your bougainvillea.
Overwintering Bougainvillea Plant Methods: Choosing the Right One for You
There are several ways to overwinter bougainvillea, each with its own pros and cons. I need to go with an option that doesn’t take up space inside my home but will protect it from the harsh winter temps.
Indoor Overwintering
This is a popular choice for those in colder climates.
- Preparation: Before the first frost, prune your bougainvillea to a manageable size (more on pruning later!). This reduces stress on the plant and makes it easier to move indoors.
- Location, Location, Location: Choose a bright spot that stays relatively cool (40-50°F is ideal). A sunroom, a sunny south-facing window, or even a well-lit basement can work. Avoid placing it near heat sources or drafty windows.
- Care: Water sparingly during the winter months, allowing the soil to dry out almost completely between waterings. Overwatering is a common cause of root rot. Avoid fertilizing until spring.
- Extra Tips: To increase humidity, mist the foliage regularly or place a tray of water near the plant. Group your bougainvillea with other plants to create a microclimate.
Overwintering Bougainvillea Plant Outdoors
This method is suitable for those in milder climates (Zones 9-11) where temperatures rarely dip below freezing.
- Protection is Key: Even in milder zones, some protection is necessary. Cover your bougainvillea with a frost blanket or burlap sack when temperatures are expected to drop. You can also create a makeshift greenhouse by covering the plant with a clear plastic sheet.
- Mulch Away: Apply a thick layer of mulch (like straw or bark chips) around the base of the plant to insulate the roots from the cold.
- Watering: Reduce watering frequency but don’t let the soil dry out completely.
Overwintering Bougainvillea in Your Greenhouse
A greenhouse provides the most controlled environment for overwintering bougainvillea.
- Temperature Control: Maintain a temperature range of 50-60°F (10-15°C) in the greenhouse.
- Humidity Control: Bougainvillea loves humidity. You can increase humidity levels by misting the plant regularly, using a humidifier, or placing a tray of water near it.
- Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation to prevent fungal diseases, especially if humidity is high. Open vents or windows on warmer days.
Overwintering Bougainvillea Plant in Your Garage or Shed
This is a good option if you don’t have a greenhouse but have a space that stays above freezing and the method that I’m choosing to do!
- Light: Choose a location with some natural light. If there is no natural light, you can use a grow light to supplement.
- Temperature: Maintain a temperature above freezing, ideally in the 40-50°F range.
- Ventilation: Open the garage or shed door occasionally to provide fresh air and prevent excessive humidity.
Overwintering Bougainvillea as a Houseplant: Year-Round Beauty
Who says you have to let your bougainvillea go dormant? If you’re willing to put in a bit more effort, you can actually keep it growing actively indoors as a houseplant. With the right care, you might even be rewarded with some beautiful blooms throughout the winter! Here’s how:
Needs Alot of Light
Bougainvillea craves sunshine. To truly thrive indoors, it needs a minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight every day. A south-facing window is your best bet. If natural light is scarce (especially during those short winter days), supplement with grow lights. Aim for 14-16 hours of light per day to encourage blooming.
If you can’t provide enough natural light for it, add a grow light to supplement. I love these because they are height adjustable and have times. If I had the indoor space to keep mine, I would add a grow light.
Warmth and Humidity Go Hand-in-Hand
Keep your indoor bougainvillea warm and cozy. Maintain a temperature above 60°F (15°C), and avoid placing it near cold drafts or heat sources, which can cause stress. Remember that bougainvillea loves humidity! Increase moisture in the air by misting the leaves regularly, using a humidifier, or placing a tray of water near the plant.
Water and Feed Regularly
Unlike a dormant bougainvillea, an actively growing one needs regular watering. Water thoroughly when the top inch or two of soil feels dry, but be careful not to overwater. Feed your bougainvillea every 2-4 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer) with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. You can reduce fertilizing frequency in fall and winter, but don’t stop completely if you’re hoping for winter blooms.
Potting and Pruning
Make sure your bougainvillea is potted in a well-draining potting mix to prevent soggy roots. Regular pruning will help maintain its shape and encourage bushier growth. Pinch back the tips of new growth to promote branching and more flowers.
Keep an Eye Out for Pests
Indoor environments can sometimes be havens for pests like spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. Regularly inspect your bougainvillea for any signs of infestation, and treat promptly with insecticidal soap or other appropriate methods if needed.
A Note of Realism
Even with the best care, getting your bougainvillea to bloom consistently indoors, especially during winter, can be a bit of a challenge. Light intensity and day length play a big role. Be patient, observe your plant closely, and adjust your care as needed.
While bougainvillea can be a bit fussier than some houseplants, it’s definitely manageable with the right care. If you’re willing to provide ample sunlight, humidity, and attention, you’ll be rewarded with a stunning indoor display, potentially even with winter blooms!
My Overwintering Bougainvillea Plan
This year, I’m going to try overwintering my bougainvillea in a heated outbuilding (we call it the cottage). It’s a low-maintenance approach and perfect for those who (like me!) don’t want to fuss over their plants too much during the winter months. I’ll be keeping it company with my colocasia, caladiums, and other tender plants.
Here’s the key:
- Temperature control: Keeping the outbuilding above freezing is crucial.
- Minimal watering: Bougainvillea needs very little water during dormancy.
- Light: Some natural light is ideal, but a low-wattage grow light can supplement if needed.
Don’t Forget to Prune!
Before you move your bougainvillea to its winter quarters, give it a good prune. Remove about one-third of its overall size, focusing on dead or damaged branches. This will make it easier to manage and encourage healthy growth in the spring.
Final Thoughts About Overwintering Bougainvillea
I’m excited to try overwintering my bougainvillea for the first time. It’s a learning experience and I’m eager to see how it goes. Since I’ve overwintered lots of other plants in this same manner, I’m pretty optimistic it will work well.
As an aside, I considered bringing it indoors in my sunroom, but I just don’t have the space for it! And one of my criteria for overwintering plants is, if you can hang without attention from me for a few months, I’ll keep you around for next year. I’ll be sure to share updates on my blog in the spring.
Do you have any experience overwintering bougainvillea? I’d love to hear your tips and tricks in the comments below!
To learn more about overwintering bougainvillea, please read these articles from the University of Missouri Cooperative Extension and the North Carolina State Extension Office.
To drill down on more beginner gardening techniques and tips, please read these posts:
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